this study investigated the utility of all of the above (aota) as a test option in multiple-choice items. it aimed at estimating item fit, item difficulty, item discrimination, and guess factor of such a choice. five reading passages of the key english test (ket, 2010) were adapted. the test was reconstructed in 2 parallel forms: test 1 did not include the abovementioned alternative, whereas te...

multiple-choice questions are commonly employed for testing languageknowledge. however, since in the recently proposed systematic approach toitem writing, using various item formats is desirable and there is very fewresearches on the possibility of using translation items for giving variety toitems on a test. the present study aims at comparing reliability and itemdifficulty of translation and ...

When constructing a test, an initial decision is choosing an appropriate item response format which can be classified as selected or constructed. In large-scale tests where time and finance are of concern, the use of response chosen known as multiple-choice items is quite widespread. This study aimed at investigating the impact of response format on the performance of structure tests. Concurren...

This study investigated the utility of all of the above (AOTA) as a test option in multiple-choice items. It aimed at estimating item fit, item difficulty, item discrimination, and guess factor of such a choice. Five reading passages of the Key English Test (KET, 2010) were adapted. The test was reconstructed in 2 parallel forms: Test 1 did not include the abovementioned alternative, whereas Te...